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The term "proxy" refers to the term "proxy" which refers to proxy or proxy server, a software that serves in the role of an intermediary client and server over the internet. Without the use of proxy, a user could send a request for resources direct to the server, and the server would return the resource directly back at the requester's expense. This method is simple to understand and use, using proxies has benefits such as enhanced performance and privacy, security and much more. In addition to providing a pass-through layer, the proxy serves as a security layer for the internet between servers and clients.




Generally speaking, the bundled system of server hardware coupled with proxy software installed is sometimes referred to as a proxy server. This article will focus on proxies which are generally thought of to be software, specifically, in relation with web server. The article will provide a description of the two main types, namely one being a forward proxy and reverse proxy. reverse proxy. Each type has a distinct use case, often confused due to the similar terms.




This article will give you the understanding of the different types of proxies, what their subtypes are and the way they work in various configurations. In this article, you'll be able to identify situations in which a proxy is beneficial, and choose the correct solution between forward proxy and reverse proxy for any situation.



Understanding Forward Proxies



The forward proxy sometimes called an open proxy, serves as an intermediary for clients trying to send a request over the internet to connect to a source server. In this scenario, the entire attempt to send requests by the user will instead be sent through the forward proxy. The forward proxy, acting on behalf as the customer, is able to examine at the request. At the beginning, it will determine if the client can accept requests through this specific forward proxy. It will then reject requests or redirect them to the origin server. The client is not able to have direct access to the internet. It has access to only what forward proxy allows it to access.




The most common reason for using forward proxy is to achieve greater privacy or security on the internet. A forward proxy accesses the internet as the client and it can use an alternative IP address in addition to the client's initial IP address.




Depending on how it has been configured according to the method of configuration forward proxy may offer a range of features and permit you to:




Do not click on ads that track you.


Circumvent surveillance.


Find restrictions based on your geolocation.




Forward proxies also are used in systems of centralized security as well as permission-based access, such as in a workplace. If all traffic on the internet flows via an open forward proxy administrators can allow access to only a few users to the internet. This is filtered by an common firewall. Instead of setting up security firewalls at the user layer which can be used by several computers that have different configurations, settings, firewalls may be added to the proxy layer.




It is important to remember that forward proxies must be manually configured for use and reverse proxies can go unnoticed by the client. Depending on the type the IP address that a user is sent to the server from which it originated via the forward proxy, anonymity and privacy could be granted or not.




There are a number of options to consider for forward proxy:




Apache An open-source, well-known web server that provides forward proxy capabilities.


Nginx: Another well-known open source server for web hosting with forward proxy features.


Squid is an open-source forward proxy based on the HTTP protocol. It's not the entire webserver system. We have a step-by-step guide to set up Squid proxy to permit private connections within Ubuntu 20.04.


Dante Forward Proxy which uses the SOCKS protocol instead of HTTP this makes it more suitable for use situations such as peer-topeer traffic. You may also want to learn how to configure a Dante proxy for private connections in Ubuntu 20.04



Understanding Reverse Proxies



A reverse proxy functions as an intermediary for web servers, which handles any requests that come in from customers on its behalf. The web server could function as a single server or as a series of servers. Additionally, it can be used as an application server such as Gunicorn. In any event it is possible to send a request from the Internet at large. Most often the request will be sent directly to the server with what the client wants. However, reverse proxy functions as an intermediary, shielding the server from direct contact via the web's public.




From the consumer's point perception, the experience with reverse proxy isn't a lot different from working with the server by itself. It's exactly the same but the client isn't able to tell the distinction. Clients can request the resource, and receive it, with no further configuration required from the client.




Reverse proxy providers offer options like:




Secured centrally for Web Server Layer.


Traffic coming into your site is routed based upon rules you set.


The caching functionality is now available to users.




While centralized security is a benefit of both forward and reverse proxy services, reverse proxy providers this service for the Web server layer, but not the client layer. Instead of maintaining firewalls at Web server layers that could include several servers that have different configurations, the bulk of the firewall security is focused at the reverse proxy layer. Additionally, getting rid of the responsibility of working with firewalls as well as interacting with requests from clients outside of web servers lets them focus on delivering the needs of their customers.




If there are multiple servers running in a reverse proxy, the reverse proxy also takes care of directing which requests go to which server. There could be multiple web servers providing the exact same service, each offering various kinds of resources or a mix of both. They could use the HTTP protocol to function as a traditional web server. But, they may include other protocols for application servers such as FastCGI. It is possible to configure a reverse proxy to direct users to a particular server based on the service requested, or to follow specific rules for traffic load.




Reverse proxies are also able to benefit from their position ahead of web servers, offering the capability to store information. Large static assets can be managed by caching rules so that they prevent Web servers from being hit every time a request is made. Certain software solutions let you offer static files directly without connecting to the web server in any way. Additionally the reverse proxy can manage the compression of these assets.




The popular Nginx web server also serves as an efficient reverse proxy solution. Although the Apache web server has reverse proxy features as an alternative option for Apache while Nginx was originally designed for and specifically designed for reverse proxy capabilities.



The distinction between the use of reverse and forward proxy The Case



Since "forward" or "reverse" are associated with directionality, as well as false comparisons to "incoming" and "outgoing" traffic the labels could be confusing as both kinds of proxy are able to handle requests and responses. Another method of separating between reverse and forward proxy is to study the requirements of the app you're creating.




A reverse proxy is beneficial when designing a solution to serve web applications on the internet. They serve as your web servers in all interactions via the internet.




Forward proxy is useful when placed in front of customers either for your own use or within a corporate environment. They represent the client's information whenever you interact on the internet.




Distinguishing by use case instead of focusing on the common names can aid you in avoidance of confusion.



Conclusion



The article clarified the significance of a proxy with two types: the forward proxy and reverse proxy. Practical use cases along with an examination of useful attributes were used to identify the two types of proxies that are reverse and forward. If you're keen to know more about the possibilities of proxies then we recommend that you go through our tutorial on how to set up Nginx for use as a web server and reverse proxy in Apache running on the Ubuntu 20.04 server.



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